Journal arcticles
- Pakonen A., Buzhinsky, I., Vyatkin, V. Evaluation of visual property specification languages based on practical model-checking experience.
Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 216, October 2024, 112153.
10.1016/j.jss.2024.112153 - cite
- Ovsiannikova, P., Pakonen A., Muromsky, D., Kobzev, M., Dubinin, V., Vyatkin, V. Formal verification on non-functional requirements of overall instrumentation and control architectures.
IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society, vol. 5, June 2024, pp. 616 - 631.
10.1109/OJIES.2024.3413568 - cite
- Ovsiannikova, P., Buzhinsky I., Pakonen A., Vyatkin V. Oeritte: user-friendly counterexample explanation for model checking.
IEEE Access, vol. 9, 2021 pp. 61383-61397.
10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3073459 - cite
- Pakonen, A., Buzhinsky I., Björkman K. Model checking reveals design issues leading to spurious actuation of nuclear instrumentation and control systems.
Reliability Engineering & System Safety, Volume 205, January 2021, 107237.
10.1016/J.RESS.2020.107237 - cite
- Buzhinsky, I., Pakonen, A., Symmetry breaking in model checking of fault-tolerant nuclear instrumentation and control systems.
IEEE Access, vol. 8, 2020, pp. 197684-197694.
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3034799 - cite
- Buzhinsky, I., Pakonen, A., Model-checking detailed fault-tolerant nuclear power plant safety functions.
IEEE Access, vol. 7, 2019, pp. 162139-162156.
10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2951938 - cite
Conference papers
- Pakonen, A., Tuominen, L., Viitasalo, M., Nuutinen, P. Formal Safety Assessment Methods in Olkiluoto 1&2 NPP I&C Renewal Project DIMA.

14th Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC & HMIT 2025), July 15-18, 2025, Chicago, IL, USA, pp. 1774-1783.
10.13182/NPICHMIT25-46672 - cite
- Berger, J., King, A., Pakonen, A. Integrating STPA to NPP Systems Engineering Processes.

14th Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC & HMIT 2025), July 15-18, 2025, Chicago, IL, USA, pp. 1762-1771.
10.13182/NPICHMIT25-46634 - cite
- Pakonen, A. Compositional verification of nuclear safety I&C systems with OCRA.

29th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA 2024), September 10-13, 2024, Padova, Italy.
10.1109/ETFA61755.2024.10711009 - cite
- Berger, J., Tiusanen, R., Kothalawala, H., Pakonen, A. Applying priority-informed STPA to a nuclear I&C system.

29th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA 2024), September 10-13, 2024, Padova, Italy.
10.1109/ETFA61755.2024.10710653 - cite
- Ovsiannikova, P., Pakonen, A., Vyatkin, V. Automatic generation of repair suggestions for control logic of I&C systems.

49th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2023), October 16-19, 2023, Singapore.
10.1109/IECON51785.2023.10311970 - cite
- Pakonen, A. Obfuscation of function block diagrams.

28th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA 2023), September 12-15, 2023, Sinaia, Romania.
10.1109/ETFA54631.2023.10275363 - cite
- Ovsiannikova, P., Pakonen, A., Vyatkin, V. Automatic generation of repair suggestions for overall I&C architecture represented with an ontology.

28th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA 2023), September 12-15, 2023, Sinaia, Romania.
10.1109/ETFA54631.2023.10275557 - cite
- Pakonen, A. Model-checking I&C logics — practical examples.

13th Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC & HMIT 2023), July 15-20, 2023, Knoxville, TN, USA, pp. 1610-1619.
10.13182/NPICHMIT23-41122 - cite
- Björkman, K., Pakonen, A. Analyzing defense-in-depth properties of nuclear power plant instrumentation and control system architectures using ontologies.

13th Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC & HMIT 2023), July 15-20, 2023, Knoxville, TN, USA, pp. 1590-1599.
10.13182/NPICHMIT23-41042 - cite
- Linnosmaa, J., Pakonen, A., Alanen, J. Demonstration of a model-based approach for formal verification of I&C logics.

13th Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC & HMIT 2023), July 15-20, 2023, Knoxville, TN, USA, pp. 1441-1450.
10.13182/NPICHMIT23-41121 - cite
- Pakonen, A. Oops! Examples of I&C design issues detected with model checking.

International Symposium on Future I&C for Nuclear Power Plants (ISOFIC 2021), November 15-17, 2021, Okoyama, Japan (hybrid online/offline event).
cite
- Pakonen, A., Mätäsniemi, T. Ontology-based approach for analyzing nuclear overall I&C architectures.

47th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2021), October 13-16, 2021, Toronto, Canada (held virtually).
10.1109/IECON48115.2021.9589078 - cite
- Ovsiannikova, P., Pakonen, A., Vyatkin, V. Change-based causes in counterexample explanation for model checking.

47th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2021), October 13-16, 2021, Toronto, Canada (held virtually).
10.1109/IECON48115.2021.9589122 - cite
- Pakonen, A. Model-checking infinite-state nuclear safety I&C systems with nuXmv.

19th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN 2021). July 21-23, 2021, Palma de Mallorca, Spain (held virtually).
10.1109/INDIN45523.2021.9557445 - cite
- Pakonen, A. Model-checking of I&C logics — insights from over a decade of projects in Finland.

12th ANS International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC & HMIT 2021), June 14-17, 2021, Providence, RI, USA (held virtually), pp. 792-801.
10.13182/T124-34322 - cite
- Ovsiannikova P., Buzhinsky I., Pakonen A., Vyatkin V. Visual counterexample explanation for model checking with Oeritte.

25th International Conference on Engineering of Complex Computer Systems (ICECCS 2020), March 4-6, 2021, Singapore (held virtually), pp. 1-10.
10.1109/ICECCS51672.2020.00008 - cite
- Pakonen, A., Biswas, P., Papakonstantinou, N. Transformation of non-standard nuclear I&C logic drawings to formal verification models.

46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2020), October 18-21, 2020, Singapore (held virtually), pp. 697-704.
10.1109/IECON43393.2020.9255176 - cite
- Linnosmaa, J., Pakonen, A., Papakonstantinou, N., Karpati, P. Applicability of AADL in modelling the overall I&C architecture of a nuclear power plant.

46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2020), October 18-21, 2020, Singapore (held virtually), pp. 4337-4344.
10.1109/IECON43393.2020.9254226 - cite
- Buzhinsky I., Pakonen, A. Timed model checking of fault-tolerant nuclear I&C systems.

18th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN 2020). July 20-23, 2020, Warwick, UK (held virtually), pp. 159-164.
10.1109/INDIN45582.2020.9442188 - cite
- Pakonen, A., Buzhinsky, I. Verification of fault tolerant safety I&C systems using model checking.

20th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT 2019). February 13-15, 2019, Melbourne, Australia, pp. 969-974.
10.1109/ICIT.2019.8755014 - cite
- Björkman, K., Pakonen, A. Coupling Model Checking and PSA: A Case Study.

29th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL 2019), September 22-26, 2019, Hannover, Germany, pp. 2789-2796.
10.3850/978-981-11-2724-3_0418-cd - cite
- Pakonen, A., Buzhinsky, I., Vyatkin, V. Counterexample visualization and explanation for function block diagrams.

16th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN 2018), July 18-20, 2018, Porto, Portugal, pp. 747-753.
10.1109/INDIN.2018.8472025 - cite
- Buzhinsky, I., Pakonen, A., Vyatkin, V. Synthesis-Aided Reliability Assurance of Basic Block Models for Model Checking Purposes.

27th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE 2018), June 13-15, 2018, Cairns, Australia, pp. 669-674.
10.1109/ISIE.2018.8433793 - cite
- Pakonen, A., Björkman, K. Model checking as a protective method against spurious actuation of industrial control systems.

27th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL 2017), June 18-22, 2017, Portoroz, Slovenia.
cite
- Pakonen, A., Tahvonen, T., Hartikainen, M., Pihlanko, M. Practical applications of model checking in the Finnish nuclear industry.

10th ANS International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC & HMIT 2017), June 11-15, 2017, San Francisco, CA, USA, pp. 1342-1352.
cite
- Buzhinsky, I., Pakonen, A., Vyatkin, V. Explicit-state and symbolic model checking of nuclear I&C systems: A comparison.

43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2017), October 29 - November 1, 2017, Beijing, China, pp. 5439-5446.
10.1109/IECON.2017.8216942 - cite
- Buzhinsky, I., Pakonen, A., Vyatkin, V. Scalable methods of discrete plant model generation for closed-loop model checking.

43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2017), October 29 - November 1, 2017, Beijing, China, pp. 5483-5488.
10.1109/IECON.2017.8216949 - cite
- Pakonen, A., Pang, C., Buzhinsky, I., Vyatkin, V. User-friendly formal specification languages — conclusions drawn from industrial experience on model checking.

21st IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA 2016), September 6-9, 2016, Berlin, Germany.
10.1109/ETFA.2016.7733717 - cite
- Pang, C., Pakonen, A., Buzhinsky, I., Vyatkin, V. A study on user-friendly formal specification languages for requirements formalization.

14th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN 2016), July 19-21, 2016, Poitiers, France, pp. 676-682.
10.1109/INDIN.2016.7819246 - cite
- Pakonen, A., Valkonen, J., Matinaho, S., Hartikainen. Model checking of I&C software in the Loviisa NPP automation renewal project.

Automaatio XXI, March 15-18, 2015, Helsinki, Finland.
cite
- Pakonen, A., Valkonen, J., Matinaho, S., Hartikainen, M. Model checking for licensing support in the Finnish nuclear industry.

International Symposium on Future I&C for Nuclear Power Plants (ISOFIC 2014), August 24-28, 2014, Jeju Island, Republic of Korea.
cite
- Pakonen, A., Mätäsniemi, T., Lahtinen, J., Karhela, T. A Toolset for model checking of PLC software.

18th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA 2013), September 10-13, 2013, Cagliary, Italy.
10.1109/ETFA.2013.6648065 - cite
- Timonen, M., Pakonen, A., Tommila, T. Using associations and fuzzy ontologies for modeling chemical safety information.
5th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Ontology Development (KEOD 2013), September 19-22, 2013, Algarve, Portugal, pp. 26-37.
10.5220/0004536400260037 - cite
- Pakonen, A., Mätäsniemi, T., Valkonen, J. Model checking reveals hidden errors in safety-critical I&C software.

8th ANS International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC & HMIT 2012), July 22-26, 2012, San Diego, CA, USA.
cite
- Pakonen, A., Tommila, T., Hirvonen, J. A fuzzy ontology based approach for mobilising industrial plant knowledge.

15th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA 2010), September 13-16, 2010, Bilbao, Spain.
10.1109/ETFA.2010.5641200 - cite
- Hirvonen, J., Tommila, T., Pakonen, A., Carlsson, C., Fedrizzi, M., Fullér, R. Fuzzy keyword ontology for annotating and searching event reports.
International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Ontology Development (KEOD 2010), October 25-28, 2010, Valencia, Italy.
10.5220/0003091002510256 - cite
- Pakonen, A., Lahtinen, J., Kuutti, V-P., Karhela, T. Integrating model checking with safety-critical I&C software design.

7th ANS International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technologies (NPIC & HMIT 2010), November 7-11, 2010, Las Vegas, NV, USA, pp. 1729-1740.
cite
- Pakonen, A., Pirttioja, T., Seilonen, I., Tommila, T. OWL based information agent services for process monitoring.

12th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation (ETFA 2007), September 25-28, 2007, Patras, Greece, pp. 9-16.
10.1109/EFTA.2007.4416747 - cite
- Pirttioja, T., Seilonen, I., Pakonen, A., Koskinen, K, Halme, A. Information agents handling semantic data as an extension to process monitoring systems.

3rd International Conference on Industrial Applications of Holonic and Multi-Agent Systems (HoloMAS 2007), September 3-5, 2007, Regensburg, Germany, pp. 411-420.
10.1007/978-3-540-74481-8_39 - cite
- Pakonen, A., Pirttioja, T., Seilonen, I., Tommila, T. Proactive computing in process monitoring: Information agents for operator support

11th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA 2006), September 20-22, 2006, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 153-158.
10.1109/ETFA.2006.355408 - cite
- Seilonen, I., Pirttioja, T., Halme, A., Koskinen, K., Pakonen, A. Indirect process monitoring with constraint handling agents.

4th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN 2006), August 16-18, 2006, Singapore, pp. 1323-1328.
10.1109/INDIN.2006.275851 - cite
- Pirttioja, T., Pakonen, A., Seilonen, I., Halme, A., Koskinen, K. Multi-agent system enhanced supervision of process automation.

2006 International IEEE Workshop on Distributed Intelligent Systems (DIS 2006), June 15-16, 2006, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 151-156.
10.1109/DIS.2006.53 - cite
- Seilonen, I., Pirttioja, T., Pakonen, A., Appelqvist, P., Halme, A., Koskinen, K. Information access and control operations in multi-agent system based process automation
2nd International Conference on Industrial Applications of Holonic and Multi-Agent Systems (HoloMAS 2005), August 22-24, 2005, Copenhagen, Denmark, pp. 144-153.
10.1007/11537847_13 - cite
- Pirttioja, T., Pakonen, A., Seilonen, I., Halme, A., Koskinen, K. Multi-agent based information access services for condition monitoring in process automation

3rd IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN 2005), August 10-12, 2005, Perth, Australia, pp. 240-245.
10.1109/INDIN.2005.1560383 - cite
Theses
-
Pakonen, A., Practical solutions for the model-checking of fault-tolerant instrumentation and control system logics.
Doctoral Thesis, Aalto University, 2025.
https://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-64-2647-1
-
Pakonen, A., Information agent technology in process automation systems.
Master's thesis, Helsinki University of Technology, 2004.
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-2020120451022
Other
- Pakonen, A., Turunen, J. Using model checking for interlocking software verification.
SIGNAL+DRAHT, 9/2023, Eurailpress, 2023.
cite
- Helminen, A., Pakonen, A. Potential applications of model checking in probabilistic risk assessments.

VTT Research Report, VTT-R-00017-20, 2020.
cite
- Pakonen, A., Verification of FPGA application design by model checking.

9th International Workshop on the Application of Field Programmable Gate Arrays in Nuclear Power Plants, October 3-6, 2016, Lyon, France.
- Tommila, T., Pakonen, A. Controlled natural language requirements in the design and analysis of safety critical I&C systems.

VTT Research Report, VTT-R-01067-14, 2014.
cite
- Tommila, T., Hirvonen, J., Pakonen, A. Fuzzy ontologies for retrieval of industrial knowledge: A case study.

VTT Working Papers 153, 2010.
cite